Title: APPLICATION OF SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION FOR CELLULASE ENZYME PRODUCTION USING TRICHODERMA VIRIDE

Authors: MOJSOV, KIRO

Abstract: The Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is alternative to submerged fermentation for production antibiotics, single cell protein, enzymes, organic acids, biofuel, etc. However, the advantages of SSF in various processes are found to be greater than in submerged fermentation. This technique not only decreases the cost of the process but also makes product cheaper for consumers. The paper describes experimental applicati;on of SSF on wheat straw for production of mycelia protein and cellulase enzymes by Trichoderma viride. This actual waste from agriculture industry was used as a nourishing base by Trichoderma viride in SSF for cellulase enzyme production. Growth and enzymes production by Trichoderma viride were evaluated on wheat straw and alkali treatment wheat straw (wet processing). The growth of the microorganism (biomass content) shows maximum (123.44 mg/petri dish) on alkali treatment wheat straw compared (96.36 mg/petri dish) on wheat straw during of 240 hours. The results obtained demonstrate that the wheat straw waste from agriculture industry can be used as inexpensive base (carbon source) for industrial production on cellulase enzymes by Trichoderma viride.

Title: INNOVATIONS AS A DEVELOPMENT FACTOR FOR THE CONTEMPORARY CULTURE IN BELARUS

Authors: BULOICHYK, SVIATLANA

Abstract: Cultural institutions, being the subjects of management on one hand, and creating economic conditions on the other hand, have a significant impact on the development of the economy. However, cultural institutions themselves need to be developed. Certain economic innovations can become a development factor in the work of cultural institutions.

Title: LANGUAGE LEARNING - PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Authors: TARNOVEANU, DORINA

Abstract: There are several stages in the linguistic development of a child; he will not merely reproduce the sentences he hears, but a personal production is often noticed. Children do not acquire the grammar of their native language through theoretical teaching; exposure to the speaking community will lead to the acquisition of the grammatical structures of their language. Little is known about how little children acquire the rules of their native language; yet, we may distinguish between physiological and psychological aspects.

Title: DESIGN OF THE REGIONS’ ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Authors: PATSUK, OLGA

Abstract: At present Russian economy is undergoing the same trends of the modern economic development, which take place in developed countries. These processes comprise globalization, advanced development of the service industries, post-industrial society formation, intellectual component expansion in the results of any industry, informatization of the society, running out of traditional sources of social and economic growth. In such conditions search for new ways and factors of the regional self-development is critical.

Title: DESIGN OF THE REGIONS’ ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Authors: PATSUK, OLGA

Abstract: At present Russian economy is undergoing the same trends of the modern economic development, which take place in developed countries. These processes comprise globalization, advanced development of the service industries, post-industrial society formation, intellectual component expansion in the results of any industry, informatization of the society, running out of traditional sources of social and economic growth. In such conditions search for new ways and factors of the regional self-development is critical.

Title: DETERMINATION AND ASSESSMENT OF COMPETITIVENESS OF REGIONAL COMMODITY MARKETS

Authors: KRASAVINA, RAISA

Abstract: The paper observes the structure of regional commodity markets as a relation between competitive and monopoly regulating powers. A method for quantitative evaluation of competitiveness of certain markets depending on factors dominating in the region is proposed.

Title: TELEWORK ORGANIZATION MODEL AS METHOD OF DEVELOPMENT OF DISABLED PERSONS’ EMPLOYMENT QUALITY

Authors: BILEVICIENE, TATJANA; BILEVICIUTE, EGLE

Abstract: Problem of employment for disabled persons is partly connected with permanent changes and technical achievements in labour market. Telework in particular circumstances creates for disabled persons positive opportunity of choice. Accomplished research of authors analyzes the employment quality factors and proves that implementation of telework model for disabled persons could improve quality of employment of such persons in comparison with recent system of profession rehabilitation and disabled persons employment.

Title: ENHANCEMENT OF HUMAN PERFORMANCE WITH DEVELOPING ERGONOMIC WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT AND PROVIDING WORK-LIFE BALANCE

Authors: FINNA, HENRIETTA; FORGACS, TAMAS

Abstract: Ergonomy aims at creating a work place that suits the employee’s needs. A well-developed office does not only increase work efficiency but it can also significantly reduce costs. This study researches and reveals the specific personal attributes and the factors of workplace environment, which have an effect on the efficiency of the workforce. We were searching for studies, where the core work wasn’t changed -the increase in work efficiency was reached only by changing the work environment.

Title: THE CONSEQUENCE OF FINANCIAL CRISES IN ALBANIAN INSURANCE MARKET

Authors: MADANI, FILLORETA; CAKRANI, EDMIRA

Abstract: The Albanian insurance market is not influenced considerably from current financial crisis. Early yet phase of development with the very low penetration level explains steadiness of insurance market to exposure influence of global financial crisis. Another factor contributed to stability of insurance market is focusing insurance businesses more on the compulsory insurance segment which is not fully liberalized. Conservative investment policies of Albanian insurers also contributed to avoiding influence of market risks induced by world financial crisis.

Title: CURRENT STATE OF THE COTTON AND TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN KAZAKHSTAN

Authors: AZHIMETOVA, GULFARI

Abstract: The textile industry of Kazakhstan is presented basically by enterprises created in period of centrally planned economy and as consequence. Low labor productivity, lacking equipment base and technologies, poor marketing are problems of the current state of industry. But, there are also advantages as a vicinity of potential cotton manufacturers - Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan. A free economic zone (FEZ) “Ontustik” has been established and a program of “Ontustik” FEZ development has been adopted for developing the cotton and textile cluster in Kazakhstan. The law “About development of the cotton branch” has been adopted in Kazakhstan to provide the textile enterprises with necessary raw material and to develop the domestic cotton growing.

Title: SATISFACTION OF THE EMPLOYED IN FOOD BUSINESSES AND SUCCESS OF FOOD SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

Authors: GRUJIC, RADOSLAV; GRUJIC, SLAVICA; DURASINOVIC, PEJO; PAVLOVIC, PERO

Abstract: Efficiency of food safety management system application, such as HACCP system, depends on personnel employed in a company (salary, social status, job stability, superiors’ relation toward workers and relationship among workers themselves, knowledge background, etc). Results presented in this paper are the results of surveys conducted in food businesses in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A special part of the research is related to employees’ social status and employees’ opinion of their status in a company.

Title: DIVERSIFICATION OF RURAL TOURISM TROUGH PARTNERSHIP APPROACHES IN EASTERN EUROPE DESTINATION

Authors: STANKOVA, MARIYA

Abstract: : The societies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) contain many and diverse rural cultures which present myriad opportunities for small-scale, high income, locally controlled tourism generation. The negative impact of political and economic change has often been significant in the region’s rural areas. But with spatially and structurally dynamic mix of mass and specialist markets to target, there are increasing opportunities for rural attractions to act as a basic resource for tourism organized and sustained through locally owned small enterprises.

Title: CHALLENGES OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE IN THE CASE OF ALBANIAN EXPORTING COMPANIES

Authors: SINANAJ, DOLOREZA; DOLLANI, PETRIT

Abstract: The authors, using the export sector companies’ data, attempt to study influence of internal organizational factors (such as structure, culture, political and power/authority issues of the decision making) on a company performance.

Title: ZUR WETTBEWERBSFÄHIGKEIT DER WEIßSRUSSISCHEN MILCHWIRTSCHAFT: EINE ANWENDUNG DES PORTERSCHEN DIAMANTEN

Authors: Hockmann, Heinrich; Ramanovich, Mikhail

Editors: Balmann, Alfons; Buchenrieder, Gertrud; Glauben, Thomas

Abstract: This Discussion Paper provides an analysis of competitiveness of the Belarus’ dairy sector based on international trade indicators. The ex-post analysis is extended by an ex-ante analysis in order to gain detailed insights into the sector’s future opportunities and challenges. Systematic access is established through relevant determinants with respect to Porter’s diamond. Ex-post analysis results indicate a strong position of Belarus in the international dairy trade although limited to homogenous products like milk powder and evaporated milk. Competitive disadvantages were revealed for highly processed dairy products. The ex-ante analysis through Porter’s diamond model reveals the necessary prerequisites for potentially successful future developments in the dairy chain. Natural conditions, infrastructure and supporting industries, even though amendable, affect competitiveness positively. Competitive disadvantages result from a low demand for vertically and horizontally differentiated products, weak factor conditions with regard to capital and labour input, and inappropriate policy. These determinants need to be improved urgently otherwise Belarus may forgo its present relatively good position in international dairy markets.

Title: 1955 Report of the Farm Management Service for Vocational Agriculture in West Centeral Minnesota

Authors: Smith, Ralph; Nodland, T. R.; Pond, G. A.

Title: Regional employment impacts of Common Agricultural Policy measures in Eastern Germany: A difference-in-differences approach

Authors: Petrick, Martin; Zier, Patrick

Abstract: Politicians and farm lobbyists frequently use the argument that agricultural policy is necessary to safeguard jobs in agriculture. We explore whether this is true by conducting an econometric ex-post evaluation of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the three East German States Brandenburg, Saxony, and Saxony-Anhalt. Whereas previous studies have employed descriptive statistics or qualitative methods and have looked at single policy instruments in isolation, we apply a difference-in-differences estimator to analyse the employment effects of the entire portfolio of CAP measures simultaneously. Based on panel data at the county level, we find that investment aids and transfers to less favoured areas had a zero marginal employment effect. We present evidence that full decoupling of direct payments in 2005 led to labour shedding, as it made transfer payments independent of factor allocation. Spending on modern technologies in processing and marketing and measures aimed at the development of rural areas led to job losses in agriculture. Agri-environmental measures, on the other hand, kept labour intensive technologies in production or induced them. This analysis calls into question whether an expansion of existing second pillar measures is a reasonable way to use funds modulated away from the first pillar.

Title: The impact of the EU GMO policy on the competitiveness of the livestock industry

Authors: Kruppa, Bertalan

Abstract: The stringent GMO policy of the EU adversely affects the competitiveness of the member states’ livestock industries, in particular the poultry and pig sectors. This arises from the fact that the EU animal industry is highly dependent on the import of feedstuffs sourced from pro-GMO countries. The import is expected to face increasing diffi culties especially due to two elements of the EU GMO policy: the prolonged approval process of new GM varieties and the zero tolerance threshold towards GMOs that have not yet received authorization. To overcome this problem the study recommends actions including the speeding up of the authorisation process and the introduction of a tolerance level for unapproved GMOs.

Title: Structural and land use change of farms in the periurban area of Budapest – case study of Veresegyház subregion

Authors: Molnar, Andras; Vandenbroucke, Perrine

Abstract: During the last decade 80% of municipalities in Pest county recorded population growth – of which a signifi cant part is as a result of people moving out from Budapest (KSH, 2009). Accordingly, areas in the vicinity of Budapest face high levels of urban sprawl. This has signifi cantly contributed to the transition of farm systems in this periurban area, which in the Hungarian post communism context was and still is a challenging issue and has led to several socio-economic and environmental problems. Based on an in-depth analysis of the transformations of the agricultural production system and its environment (markets, institutions, policies and social changes) in the LAU13 area of Veresegyház, this paper identifi es the conditions required to develop and maintain farm systems in periurban areas in a sustainable fashion.

Title: Some factors responsible for reductions in employment on farms in Hungary

Authors: Feher, Alajos; Czimbalmos, Robert; Kovacs, Gyorgyi; Szepesy, Edit

Abstract: A decline in the number of people working on farms and in the Annual Work Units per unit area was typical of the second half of the fi rst decade of the 21st century in the member states of the European Union. Hungary is one of the countries where this reduction is twice as high as the average. This can be attributed to a number of factors. Of these, the present paper is concerned on the one hand with farm concentration, the low level of farm diversifi cation and pluriactivity and the desire of farmers to expand their farms, and on the other hand with various aspects of the support policy in Hungary aimed at the economic competitiveness and the diversifi cation of the rural economy. The database on which the work was based was taken partly from the digital and printed publications of EUROSTAT and the Hungarian Central Statistical Offi ce (KSH) and partly from surveys of 104 farmers in three microregions of Hungary. Even before the global economic crisis, the factors in question tended to result in a decline in farm employment in Hungary, especially on individual farms. The means and measures embodied in the agricultural and rural policies proved too few and too weak to counterbalance this trend.

Title: The correlation between the agricultural productivity and the export performance of the agro-food foreign trade in the Visegrád Group countries following accession to the European Union

Authors: Barath, Lajos; Nagy, Zsuzsanna; Szabo, Gabor

Abstract: In this paper we have sought to answer three research questions: what was the difference between the agricultural export growth rates of the Visegrád Group countries following the EU accession; how did the multifactor productivity in the countries under study evolve; and could a correlation be observed between the growth rates of the multifactor productivity and of the agricultural exports. The average annual growth rate of the multifactor productivity was highest in Poland, followed by the growth rate in Slovakia, in Hungary and in the Czech Republic. The average annual growth rates of the exports of agricultural raw materials and of the total food economy had identical rankings except for Hungary. The results of the analysis allow the presumption that the different annual average growth rates of the multifactor productivity of agriculture have also infl uenced the development of the agricultural export performance of the countries under study.